Islamabad: (RightNow). Pakistan ranks first in global research corruption for 2025. According to the Retraction Watch database, 64.1% of every 10,000 research documents in Pakistan are retracted.

The report states that Saudi Arabia and Nigeria follow with retraction rates of 42.8% and 35.7%, respectively. Countries like Iraq, Egypt, and Iran are also in the top 10.

Data shows this ranking is based on the ratio of research output. Despite higher retractions, China and India rank lower due to their larger publication volumes.

Experts say global organizations are introducing advanced AI-based systems to strengthen research quality. Their goal is to enhance the integrity of research materials.

It is noteworthy that experts consider Pakistan’s ranking a serious warning for the research sector. Universities and institutions need to improve publication ethics.